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This chapter details the technology and components available in the system.
Topics:
•
USB features
•
USB Type-C
•
HDMI 1.4
•
Power button LED behavior
USB features
Universal Serial Bus, or USB, was introduced in 1996. It dramatically simplified the connection between host computers and peripheral
devices like mice, keyboards, external drivers, and printers.
Table 1. USB evolution
Type
Data Transfer Rate
USB 2.0
480 Mbps
USB 3.2 Gen 1
5 Gbps
(previously USB
3.0/USB 3.1 Gen 1)
USB 3.1 Gen 2
10 Gbps
USB 3.2 Gen 1 (SuperSpeed USB)
For years, the USB 2.0 has been firmly entrenched as the de facto interface standard in the personal computer world with about 6 billion
devices sold, and yet the need for more speed grows by ever faster computing hardware and ever greater bandwidth demands. The USB
3.0/USB 3.1 Gen 1 finally has the answer to the consumers' demands with a theoretically 10 times faster than its predecessor. In a nutshell,
USB 3.2 Gen 1 features are as follows:
•
Higher transfer rates (up to 20 Gbps).
•
Increased multilane operation of 10 Gbps each.
•
Increased maximum bus power and increased device current draw to better accommodate power-hungry devices.
•
New power management features.
•
Full-duplex data transfers and support for new transfer types.
•
Backward compatibility with USB 3.1/3.0 and USB 2.0.
•
New connectors and cable.
The topics below cover some of the most commonly asked questions regarding USB 3.0/USB 3.2 Gen 1.
Speed
Currently, there are five speed modes that are defined by the latest USB 3.0/USB 3.1 Gen 1 specification. Based on USB data transfer,
they are categorized as Low Speed, Full Speed, High Speed (from version 2.0 of the specification), SuperSpeed (from version 3.0), and
SuperSpeed+ (from version 3.1). The new SuperSpeed+ mode has a transfer rate of 20 Gbps. The USB 3.2 standard is backward
compatible with USB 3.1/3.0 and USB 2.0.
Technology and components
Category
High Speed
SuperSpeed
SuperSpeed Plus
Introduction Year
2000
2010
2013
Technology and components
2
9
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